Arizonans will head to the ballot box to vote on top offices including governor, secretary of state, and attorney general this November in what is expected to be a defining midterm election.
Also on the ballot is a handful of ballot measures, including citizen-led petitions and ballot measures sent by the state Legislature, asking voters to make changes to state law, including on things like grocery store taxes and anti-LGBTQ initiatives.
Here’s what you can expect on your ballot this November.
Prop 141: Taxes and fees
Proposition 141, introduced in 2025 as Senate Concurrent Resolution 1004, passed with full Republican support and was sent to the ballot in June. The measure would change the state’s constitution to prevent the government from imposing taxes or fees based on vehicle mileage. The state does not currently impose such a fee but the measure would stop it preemptively should the state do so.
It comes at a time when an increasing amount of electric vehicles—which do not use gasoline—hit the road, meaning the state is generating less money that comes from the 18-cent-a-gallon gasoline tax that goes into the state’s Highway User Revenue Fund. The fund is used to improve the state’s highways and public roads.
The bill was sponsored by state Sen. Jake Hoffman (R-Queen Creek)–who drives a Tesla—and would remove an option lawmakers have to ensure that electric-vehicle owners pay a share of future road construction and repair costs.
Prop 142: anti-DEI measure
Passed by the Republican-controlled legislature and sent to the November ballot, Prop. 142 would eliminate “preferential treatment to or discriminate against any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity or national origin.”
The measure, backed by the conservative Goldwater Institute and sponsored by House Speaker Steve Montenegro (R-Goodyear), survived a legal challenge in July. A Maricopa County Superior Court judge ruled Prop. 142 does not violate the state constitution’s “Separate Amendment Rule,” which requires ballot measures to address a single subject.
Republicans have long targeted diversity, equity and inclusion, often called “DEI” initiatives as part of a broader “culture war” series of issues. Prop 142 would axe “DEI”from public job postings for state institutions, and no public money could go towards funding programs or trainings that use it.
While these policies exist to level the playing field for historically marginalized groups, Republicans have long opposed these kinds of programs.
Advocates with Civic Engagement Beyond Voting, an advocacy group, said the measure risks censorship.
“This culture-war-driven measure would block teachers from discussing accurate history, censor certain content from being taught in schools, and ban trainings on how to support LGBTQ+ staff and students,” the group has stated.
Prop 144: Election laws
Proposition 144 would amend the Arizona Constitution to make a series of changes to Arizona’s state election laws. Formally known as HCR 2001, the measure passed the Legislature along party lines in June and was sponsored by state Rep. Alexander Kolodin, who is running for Secretary of State.
Sent to the ballot by Republicans, this measure would specify that only citizens can vote and requires voters to show a government-issued ID to cast a ballot. It would also restrict foreign nationals from spending money to influence elections and set up new procedures for tallying ballots.
President Donald Trump and Republicans have long argued that the 2020 election was rife with voter fraud—despite no evidence. While federal law already prohibits noncitizens from voting, and instances of voter fraud are extremely rare, Prop. 144 would cement it in the Arizona Constitution.
On the other hand, critics argue the phrasing is too vague and risks eliminating vote by mail—which 75% of the state relies on—by offering no real mechanism on how millions of Arizonans could show an ID while returning a ballot via mail.
State Sen. Analise Ortiz (D-Maryvale) said it risks dismantling democracy.
“The real goal of this is to make it harder for eligible voters to vote. Our democracy is being systemically dismantled across the country,” Ortiz said in June.
Tempe City Councilmember Randy Keating filed a lawsuit to prevent the measure from being placed on the ballot, arguing it violates the state’s single-subject rule for ballot measures. Maricopa County Superior Court Judge Adele Ponce denied Keating’s request to strike down the measure in a July 22 ruling, and the plaintiffs have since appealed that ruling to the Arizona Supreme Court.
America First Legal—a law firm co-founded by Trump’s adviser Stephen Miller—sued Secretary of State Adrian Fontes in August, arguing the official ballot description of Prop. 144 is misleading.
Prop 145: school vouchers
Dubbed a “poison pill” by education activists, Prop. 145 would prohibit the state from confiscating money from a scholarship account of a student who is a child of a military family. Republican lawmakers argue the measure is simply asking voters to preserve vouchers used by military families, but inside the legislation is much broader language that shields all account holders from having their Empowerment Scholarship Accounts (ESA) funds confiscated by the state.
It comes after education activists have sounded the alarms on fraud within the voucher program that has largely gone unchecked. Republican lawmakers, however, have consistently argued in favor of ESAs and opposed reforms.
Education activists sued over the initiative, arguing the measure is designed to effectively kill voucher reform—including a different ballot proposal meant to reform the program. On July 29, a Maricopa County Superior Court judge removed Prop. 145 from the November ballot, ruling it violated the state constitution’s Separate Amendment Rule, which requires ballot measures to address only one action. An appeal is pending.
Prop 212: voucher reform
Prop 212, a citizen-led ballot initiative, would reform Arizona’s voucher program. Known as the Protect Education Act, this measure, if approved by voters in November, would place strict reforms, income caps, and accountability rules on Arizona’s school voucher program to rein in the more than $1 billion in annual spending. The campaign was led by Arizona’s largest teachers union, Arizona Education Association, and the advocacy group Save Our Schools Arizona and the effort submitted 421,451 signatures to the secretary of state’s office, well above the 255,949 required to qualify for the ballot. Signature verification is still pending before it officially lands on the November ballot.
This measure would bar households earning more than $150,000 a year from the program with exceptions carved out for students with qualifying disabilities. It would also ban using voucher funds for luxury purchases and requires unused ESA money to revert to the state for public schools.
It comes after findings showing the ESA program has been rife with fraud, with parents and fraudsters using state money to purchase luxury items including diamond rings and lingerie.
Top Republican lawmakers have challenged the legality of the signatures in court in an attempt to pull it from the ballot.
Prop 316: taxes on groceries
Formally House Concurrent Resolution 2021 and sponsored by Rep. Leo Biasiucci (R-Lake Havasu City), this measure was sent to the ballot in 2025 by Republicans. Prop. 316 would prevent cities from imposing a future tax on groceries above 2% of the base price. A version of this measure originally passed both chambers before being vetoed by Democratic Gov. Katie Hobbs in 2023.
Cities that already tax groceries can generally continue to tax them. If a city wishes to implement a grocery tax, it can only be added with voter approval and cannot exceed 2%. In Arizona, only Phoenix, Mesa, and Tucson do not tax on groceries. Hobbs vetoed the bill in 2023, citing concerns the lack of taxes would have on municipalities.
“From potential cuts to service—including public safety—to increased property taxes, it’s clear that this bill doesn’t actually eliminate costs for our residents. It simply moves those costs around,” Hobbs wrote in her 2023 veto letter.
Prop 317: drug cartels
The Republican-sponsored legislation, formally known as House Concurrent Resolution 2055, was sent to the ballot in 2025. Prop. 317 would declare that drug cartels are terrorist organizations and require that the Arizona Department of Homeland Security do “everything within its authority to address the threat posed by drug cartels.”
A similar measure, HB 2675, passed both chambers in 2023 before being vetoed by Hobbs, who said the effort wasn’t a “real solution.”
“Labeling drug cartels as terrorist organizations to deploy state resources is not a real solution and is not a state function,” Hobbs wrote in a 2023 veto letter. “Concerning the Arizona Department of Homeland Security, it is not a law enforcement agency. It’s clear there is a lack of understanding of what AZDOHS is charged to do for the people of Arizona.”
Prop 318: anti-trans law
Proposition 318 would prohibit transgender students from participating in sports teams aligning with their gender identity.
Arizona state law already bars transgender girls from joining girls sports teams, but the new ballot measure explicitly restricts transgender students from using locker rooms, bathrooms, or showers that align with their gender identity.
In June, two pastors backed by the Will of the People PAC attempted to block the measure from appearing on the November ballot, arguing the measure violates the state’s single-subject rule, but Maricopa County Superior Court Judge Greg Como denied the plaintiff’s request for a declaratory judgment in a July 16 ruling.
Prop 319: traffic cameras
Introduced by state Sen. Wendy Rogers (R-Flagstaff), Proposition 319 would prohibit the government from using traffic photo enforcement systems without voter approval.
If the local authority doesn’t receive voter approval to operate its system, it must cease operations within 90 days of the November election. However, if the city does receive approval, it may continue its photo enforcement operation for 10 years, until the question must be placed before voters again for approval.
Opponents of the measure, including the LD3 Democrats of northeastern Maricopa County, accused Rogers’ measure of being a backdoor attempt to defund the Citizens Clean Elections Commission, as photo radar fines include a mandatory 10% surcharge that funds the commission.
The Arizona Public Health Association opposed the measure, too, stating it risks removing cameras that help prevent drivers from running red lights or getting into dangerous collisions.
“There’s a reasonable debate about the overuse of speed cameras, especially when cities place them on roads with artificially low speed limits. But SCR1004 also covers red-light cameras. That goes too far. Properly placed red-light cameras can discourage drivers from running red lights and reduce dangerous T-bone crashes, serious injuries and deaths. Local communities should keep the ability to use this tool at high-risk intersections,” the group stated.
Prop 320: school spending
Formally Senate Concurrent Resolution 1032, sponsored by state Sen. Jake Hoffman (R-Queen Creek), this Republican-sponsored measure would require larger school districts to spend at least 60% of their budgets on direct instructional expenses.
Districts that fall short would face penalties, something education advocates argued is counterproductive to helping schools. If schools need to pay for other staff such as nurses or pay for repairs like a broken air conditioner, they could be at risk of penalties.
